{"id":2268,"date":"2021-05-11T11:31:15","date_gmt":"2021-05-11T08:31:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/?page_id=2268"},"modified":"2021-05-11T11:31:16","modified_gmt":"2021-05-11T08:31:16","slug":"anosologia-tis-anapargogis","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/el\/anosologia-tis-anapargogis\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0391\u039d\u039f\u03a3\u039f\u039b\u039f\u0393\u0399\u0391 \u03a4\u0397\u03a3 \u0391\u039d\u0391\u03a0\u0391\u03a1\u0393\u03a9\u0393\u0397\u03a3"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h5><span style=\"color: #6b4f7e;\"><strong>REPRODUCTIVE IMMUNOLOGY<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>Repeated pregnancy losses\u00a0and failure of implantation after transferring\u00a0good quality embryos in IVF\u00a0constitute a particularly challenging topic\u00a0in\u00a0the area of\u00a0reproductive medicine.<\/p>\n<p>Dr Diamantopoulos strongly believes that\u00a0it\u202fis not\u00a0just\u00a0attributed to\u00a0bad luck.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">He recognizes that an unsuccessful\u00a0IVF cycle or an early miscarriage carries\u00a0a tremendous emotional\u00a0burden on the couples involved.\u00a0Without giving\u00a0his\u00a0patients\u00a0unrealistic expectations,\u00a0he has the experience\u00a0to\u00a0offer\u00a0a better chance of success\u00a0by investigating the immune system and\u00a0applying\u00a0individualized\u00a0immune\u00a0treatments.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Immune system is\u00a0the\u00a0defensive\u00a0mechanism of the body\u00a0against disease.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Its role\u00a0is to\u00a0attack to\u00a0any\u00a0potentially damaging foreign bodies\u00a0that it\u00a0cannot\u00a0recognise because they\u00a0are genetically different\u00a0to the body.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Although\u00a0the\u00a0embryo\u00a0has a different genetic code\u00a0from the mother, a unique immunological\u00a0response\u00a0takes place to allow for the initial implantation and the subsequent development of the pregnancy.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">In some women\u00a0the immune\u00a0system\u00a0may be overactive,\u00a0reject\u00a0the\u00a0embryo or interfere with\u00a0the hormones that are essential\u00a0in\u00a0pregnancy. This hostile response of the immune system\u00a0may lead to infertility, miscarriage or\u00a0even cause\u00a0complications\u00a0later in pregnancy.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The\u00a0complex\u00a0mechanisms\u00a0involved in the response of\u00a0the immune\u00a0system\u00a0to\u00a0the\u00a0pregnancy have recently triggered great interest within the medical field.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">In\u00a0the past decade considerable research efforts have been made to identify possible immunological causes associated with recurrent pregnancy losses and repeated IVF failures.\u00a0Various research studies suggest\u00a0that, in some women,\u00a0an overactive immune system\u00a0may increase the\u00a0difficulty of\u00a0getting\u00a0pregnant, or increase the risk of miscarriage.\u00a0However, there is no\u00a0strong\u00a0evidence\u00a0to provide a clear answer\u00a0regarding the\u00a0value of\u00a0immune\u00a0testing nor whether\u00a0the various\u00a0available\u00a0immunological treatment options,\u00a0definitely improve the outcome.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Considerable\u00a0debate going on in the scientific community about the role of the immune system in promoting or preventing a\u00a0healthy pregnancy, thus\u00a0this\u00a0area of Reproductive Medicine remains\u00a0controversial.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-1065 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Is-Your-Body-Baby-Friendly-Unexplained-Infertility-Miscarriage-and-IVF-Failure-Explained-Paperback-\u2013-1-Oct.-2006-200x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"82\" height=\"123\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Is-Your-Body-Baby-Friendly-Unexplained-Infertility-Miscarriage-and-IVF-Failure-Explained-Paperback-\u2013-1-Oct.-2006-200x300.png 200w, https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Is-Your-Body-Baby-Friendly-Unexplained-Infertility-Miscarriage-and-IVF-Failure-Explained-Paperback-\u2013-1-Oct.-2006.png 232w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 82px) 100vw, 82px\" \/>For an in-depth look at reproductive immunology, it is\u00a0recommended to read:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><em><strong><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Your-Body-Baby-Friendly-Unexplained-Infertility\/dp\/0978507800\/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1288267063&amp;sr=1-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">&#8220;<\/a><\/strong><\/em><em><strong><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Your-Body-Baby-Friendly-Unexplained-Infertility\/dp\/0978507800\/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1288267063&amp;sr=1-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Is Your Body Baby Friendly?: Unexplained Infertility, Miscarriage and IVF Failure, Explained\u00a0by Dr Alan E. Beer&#8221;<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Dr\u00a0Alan E. Beer\u00a0is\u00a0an internationally respected physician and research scientist,\u00a0pioneer in the field of reproductive immunology.<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][vc_tta_accordion active_section=&#8221;0&#8243; collapsible_all=&#8221;true&#8221;][vc_tta_section title=&#8221;Our approach&#8221; tab_id=&#8221;1610973259340-1e8b238e-dc71&#8243;][vc_column_text]<span style=\"color: #000000;\">The majority of patients\u00a0Dr Diamantopoulos sees,\u00a0have a complex\u00a0medical and fertility history and\u00a0often\u00a0present\u00a0having\u00a0already\u00a0experienced\u00a0multiple\u00a0failed fertility treatments\u00a0elsewhere\u00a0and\/or recurrent miscarriages. Many of\u00a0his Greek\u00a0patients travel long distances to see\u00a0him and many patients from overseas seek his advice.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">At the\u00a0initial\u00a0consultation\u00a0a detailed\u00a0medical and fertility history\u00a0will be obtained to\u00a0identify\u00a0whether\u00a0you\u00a0are likely to have\u00a0any immune\u00a0issues\u00a0affecting the process of\u00a0implantation\u00a0of your embryo. If deemed appropriate you will be given\u00a0suggestions for\u00a0immune\u00a0testing.\u00a0Be aware that the results\u00a0for\u00a0some\u00a0of the tests may take up to 10 days to be ready.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">When all\u00a0your\u00a0results\u00a0have been received, you will be\u00a0advised\u00a0on the most appropriate\u00a0immune\u00a0treatment at\u00a0a\u00a0follow-up consultation.\u00a0Bear in mind that\u00a0sometimes\u00a0is\u00a0necessary to\u00a0repeat part of your immune testing and make changes to\u00a0your\u00a0immune\u00a0treatment plan as\u00a0your fertility\u00a0treatment progresses.\u00a0<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=&#8221;Who could potentially benefit from immune testing?&#8221; tab_id=&#8221;1610973259370-845d6c73-5b59&#8243;][vc_column_text]<span style=\"color: #000000;\">Reproductive immunology\u00a0testing\u00a0is not offered\u00a0routinely\u00a0as a first line test in\u00a0everyone. It mostly applies\u00a0in\u00a0women with the following conditions:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"5\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Multiple\u00a0unsuccessful IVF\/ICSI treatments\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"5\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Repeated pregnancy losses\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"5\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">A history of \u201cunexplained\u201d subfertility\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"5\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">A\u00a0history of endometriosis\u00a0combined\u00a0with previous failed IVF\/ ICSI treatment\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"5\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">A medical\u00a0history of known autoimmune disorders such as,\u00a0Lupus, Rheumatoid arthritis,\u00a0Crohn\u2019s\u00a0disease, Ulcerative colitis,\u00a0Thyroid problems\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The results and the recommended treatment options\u00a0will be fully discussed\u00a0before your treatment.<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=&#8221;Immune Testing&#8221; tab_id=&#8221;1610973316761-c59da94a-fcdf&#8221;][vc_column_text]<span style=\"color: #000000;\">To identify any immunological issues potentially associated with your infertility, IVF implantation failure or recurrent miscarriage the following <b>blood\u00a0<\/b><b>tests<\/b>\u00a0could be suggested to you:\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h6><strong><span style=\"color: #6b4f7e;\">Natural Killer (NK) Cell Cytotoxicity Assay\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/h6>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Natural killer (NK) cells are a type of lymphocytes (white blood cells) protecting the body from infections by bacteria, viruses and possibly cancer cells. They constitute the most extensively studied group of immune cells. NK cells are the most abundant immunological cells in the lining of the uterus, and can therefore interfere with an implanting embryo. Excessive levels of NK cells have been associated with various fertility issues.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">NK cells can be tested through a\u00a0blood\u00a0test\u00a0or through a biopsy from the\u00a0uterus.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Dr\u00a0Diamantopoulos\u00a0favors the blood test.\u00a0Every time a woman\u00a0gets her period, the\u00a0endometrium with all its NK cells are shed and therefore, in the next\u00a0period, the number of NK cells may\u00a0be different.\u00a0Furthermore, it is\u00a0extremely unlikely\u00a0to\u00a0obtain\u00a0a pure endometrial sample; if the sample is blood stained, will contain endometrial as well as blood NK cells,\u00a0which will\u00a0compromise\u00a0the\u00a0accuracy\u00a0of the results.\u00a0Moreover\u00a0the blood test\u00a0is less invasive.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">NK\u00a0Cell Cytotoxicity Assay\u00a0is a\u00a0blood\u00a0test\u00a0that measures the killing power of\u00a0NK cells\u00a0against\u00a0foreign tissue.\u00a0It involves\u00a0the\u00a0culture of\u00a0NK cells with target cells,\u00a0which\u00a0are similar to pregnancy tissue\u00a0and\u00a0reports\u00a0the percentage of the target cells killed by the NK cells. If the NK cells are\u00a0overactive against the\u00a0foreign tissue,\u00a0will show a\u00a0high killing power.\u00a0Furthermore\u00a0by\u00a0adding\u00a0in the culture\u00a0steroids,\u00a0intralipid\u00a0or IVIG\u00a0it\u00a0is\u00a0checked\u00a0whether\u00a0the killing power of the NK cells can be reduced by these\u00a0medications, determining\u00a0which is\u00a0the most suitable\u00a0treatment option.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h6><strong><span style=\"color: #6b4f7e;\">TH1: TH2 Cytokine ratio<\/span><\/strong><\/h6>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Cytokines are chemical messengers in the blood\u00a0produced by the\u00a0NK cells.\u00a0They are proteins\u00a0involved in systemic\u202finflammation\u00a0and\u00a0regulation of\u202fimmune cells.\u00a0High levels of\u00a0tumour necrosis factor\u202f(TNF-alpha), in particular,\u00a0have been\u00a0linked\u00a0with reduced egg quality, implantation failure and miscarriage.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h6><span style=\"color: #6b4f7e;\"><strong>Testing\u00a0For Inherited\u00a0and\u00a0Acquired\u00a0Thrombophilia<\/strong><\/span><\/h6>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Some\u00a0women\u00a0have a\u00a0condition called thrombophilia, which means that their blood forms clots more easily. It can be\u00a0caused by a variety of genetic or autoimmune reasons.\u00a0Thrombophilia\u00a0can\u00a0adversely affect\u00a0the\u00a0blood supply to the uterus\u00a0and\u00a0the growing embryo resulting\u00a0in increased rates of implantation failure and miscarriage.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h6><strong><span style=\"color: #6b4f7e;\">Testing\u00a0For Autoimmune Factors<\/span><\/strong><\/h6>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Undiagnosed autoimmune diseases\u00a0may be associated with\u00a0an\u00a0increased risk of pregnancy failure.\u00a0The following antibodies are\u00a0commonly\u00a0checked\u00a0for:\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"6\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Antinuclear antibodies (ANA)\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"6\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Thyroid antibodies\u00a0(anti \u2013 TPO)\u00a0&amp;\u00a0(anti \u2013 TG)\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"6\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Anti- DNA antibodies\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"6\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Anti-histone antibodies\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"6\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Anti \u2013cardiolipin antibodies<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=&#8221;Immune Treatments&#8221; tab_id=&#8221;1610973344896-f13e1f9a-bd4f&#8221;][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<div class=\"page_content_wrap scheme_default\">\n<div class=\"content_wrap\">\n<div class=\"content\">\n<article id=\"post-269\" class=\"post_item_single post_type_page post-269 page type-page status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry\">\n<div class=\"post_content entry-content\">\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Literature suggests that an overactive immune system is associated with lower implantation and higher miscarriage rates. It has been speculated that this may be improved by immunotherapy treatment.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">There are various treatments used to suppress the body\u2019s natural immunity\u00a0and\u00a0you may be offered, alone or in combination, any of the following:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h6><span style=\"color: #6b4f7e;\"><strong>Intralipid (ILP)\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/h6>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Intralipid<b>\u00a0<\/b>is a solution of fatty acids derived from soya beans and egg and\u00a0is given intravenously as an infusion.\u00a0It is\u00a0effective in reducing natural killer cell cytotoxicity and\u00a0TNF-a cytokines.\u00a0There may be side effects,\u00a0however they appear to be uncommon. Headache, fever, nausea\u00a0or vomiting\u00a0may be seen\u00a0in about 5% of patients\u00a0receiving\u00a0intralipid\u00a0therapy. Severe allergic\u00a0reaction\u00a0may occur, but is very rare. Therefore\u00a0is not advisable to have\u00a0Intralipids,\u00a0if you are allergic to eggs, nuts or soya. \u2028\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h6><strong><span style=\"color: #6b4f7e;\">Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg)<\/span><\/strong><\/h6>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">IVIg\u00a0is a solution of\u00a0concentrated and highly purified\u00a0human antibodies\u00a0derived\u00a0from\u00a0pooled human blood donors\u00a0and\u00a0is given intravenously as an infusion.\u00a0IVIg\u00a0has\u00a0shown to normalise the killing power of natural killer cells in the blood.\u00a0There may be side effects,\u00a0however they appear to be uncommon. Headache, tiredness,\u00a0palpitations\u00a0feeling cold,\u00a0development of skin\u00a0rash and\u00a0fever\u00a0may occur in a minority of patients receiving\u00a0IVIg. Rarely\u00a0some patients may\u00a0experience\u00a0a\u00a0severe\u00a0allergic reaction\u00a0therefore\u00a0antihistamines\u00a0are given\u00a0during\u00a0the transfusion.\u00a0Regarding\u00a0concerns\u00a0about the risk of transmission of viral\u00a0diseases through\u00a0IVIg\u00a0infusion, no\u00a0cases of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission have been\u00a0reported.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h6><span style=\"color: #6b4f7e;\"><strong>Adalimumab\u00a0(Humira)<\/strong><\/span><\/h6>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Humira\u00a0is\u00a0a\u00a0highly effective drug for reducing elevated TNF-alpha.<b>\u00a0<\/b>It is\u00a0used to treat\u202frheumatoid arthritis,\u00a0Crohn\u2019s\u00a0disease,\u00a0ulcerative colitis\u00a0and other autoimmune conditions.\u00a0Humira\u00a0is\u00a0given in courses of subcutaneous\u00a0injections and most patients experience no side effects with\u00a0Humira. Occasionally a skin\u00a0rash around\u00a0the\u00a0injection site\u00a0may develop and some women may present flu like symptoms\u202for troubled with irregular periods.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h6><span style=\"color: #6b4f7e;\"><strong>Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil)<\/strong><\/span><\/h6>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Hydroxychloroquine\u00a0known under the brand name\u202fplaquenil\u202fis an oral\u00a0medication\u00a0in the form of tablets\u00a0commonly\u00a0used in the treatment of\u00a0autoimmune\u00a0conditions such as\u00a0rheumatoid arthritis and lupus.Rare\u00a0side effects include\u202fallergic reaction to the drug and\u00a0vision problems.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h6><strong><span style=\"color: #6b4f7e;\">Low dosage corticosteroids<\/span><\/strong><\/h6>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><b><\/b>Corticosteroids including prednisolone and dexamethasone are\u00a0oral\u00a0tablets used to\u00a0temporarily\u00a0suppress natural killer cells and inflammation. The most common side effect is insomnia,\u00a0which can be reduced by taking the tablets\u00a0early in the day.\u00a0Other side effects include\u00a0salt and fluid retention,\u00a0high blood pressure\u00a0and high blood sugar.\u00a0Most of\u00a0the\u00a0patients\u00a0will take steroids\u00a0until 12 weeks of pregnancy.<\/span><\/p>\n<h6><strong><span style=\"color: #6b4f7e;\">Clexane\u00a0and\u00a0baby\u00a0aspirin<\/span><\/strong><\/h6>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Thrombophilia and high\u00a0levels of NK cells\u00a0may compromise\u00a0the\u00a0blood flow\u00a0to the uterus\u00a0and\u00a0the growing embryo.\u00a0The use of blood thinners can\u00a0improve the blood supply\u00a0and reduce the risks of implantation failure and miscarriage.\u00a0Clexane\u00a0is a blood-thinner\u00a0given in the form of daily subcutaneous (under the skin) injections, usually in\u00a0the\u00a0tummy.\u00a0The majority\u00a0of\u00a0the\u00a0patients experience no side effects except\u00a0for\u00a0bruising at the injection site.\u00a0Another blood thinner commonly used is\u00a0baby\u00a0aspirin.\u00a0Aspirin it is better to be avoided in patients suffering from gastrointestinal disorders such as\u00a0stomach\u00a0ulcer.\u00a0Most of\u00a0the\u00a0patients\u00a0will continue\u00a0taking\u00a0blood thinners\u00a0until 12 weeks of pregnancy, but some patients may\u00a0continue\u00a0for a longer period\u00a0in pregnancy.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h6><strong><span style=\"color: #6b4f7e;\">Progesterone supplements<\/span><\/strong><\/h6>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Patients with immune related infertility may benefit from higher dosages of progesterone due to anti-progesterone antibody activity or inflammation. Progesterone supplements come in the form of intramuscular or subcutaneous injections, vaginal pessaries or gels as well as oral tablets and can be given alone or in combination. The most common side effect of progesterone treatment is constipation. Most of the patients will remain on progesterone support until 12 weeks of pregnancy, but some patients may require support for a longer period in pregnancy.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_tta_section][\/vc_tta_accordion][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] REPRODUCTIVE IMMUNOLOGY Repeated pregnancy losses\u00a0and failure of implantation after transferring\u00a0good quality embryos in IVF\u00a0constitute a particularly challenging topic\u00a0in\u00a0the area of\u00a0reproductive medicine. Dr Diamantopoulos strongly believes that\u00a0it\u202fis not\u00a0just\u00a0attributed to\u00a0bad luck. He recognizes that an unsuccessful\u00a0IVF cycle or an early miscarriage carries\u00a0a tremendous emotional\u00a0burden on the couples involved.\u00a0Without giving\u00a0his\u00a0patients\u00a0unrealistic expectations,\u00a0he has the experience\u00a0to\u00a0offer\u00a0a better chance of success\u00a0by investigating the immune system&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1919,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2268","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>FertilityAdvanced | \u0391\u039d\u039f\u03a3\u039f\u039b\u039f\u0393\u0399\u0391 \u03a4\u0397\u03a3 \u0391\u039d\u0391\u03a0\u0391\u03a1\u0393\u03a9\u0393\u0397\u03a3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/el\/anosologia-tis-anapargogis\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"el_GR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"FertilityAdvanced | \u0391\u039d\u039f\u03a3\u039f\u039b\u039f\u0393\u0399\u0391 \u03a4\u0397\u03a3 \u0391\u039d\u0391\u03a0\u0391\u03a1\u0393\u03a9\u0393\u0397\u03a3\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] REPRODUCTIVE IMMUNOLOGY Repeated pregnancy losses\u00a0and failure of implantation after transferring\u00a0good quality embryos in IVF\u00a0constitute a particularly challenging topic\u00a0in\u00a0the area of\u00a0reproductive medicine. Dr Diamantopoulos strongly believes that\u00a0it\u202fis not\u00a0just\u00a0attributed to\u00a0bad luck. He recognizes that an unsuccessful\u00a0IVF cycle or an early miscarriage carries\u00a0a tremendous emotional\u00a0burden on the couples involved.\u00a0Without giving\u00a0his\u00a0patients\u00a0unrealistic expectations,\u00a0he has the experience\u00a0to\u00a0offer\u00a0a better chance of success\u00a0by investigating the immune system&hellip;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/el\/anosologia-tis-anapargogis\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"FertilityAdvanced\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-05-11T08:31:16+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/8.-REPRODUCTIVE-IMMUNOLOGY.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1180\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"400\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u0395\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"9 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/el\/anosologia-tis-anapargogis\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/el\/anosologia-tis-anapargogis\/\",\"name\":\"FertilityAdvanced | \u0391\u039d\u039f\u03a3\u039f\u039b\u039f\u0393\u0399\u0391 \u03a4\u0397\u03a3 \u0391\u039d\u0391\u03a0\u0391\u03a1\u0393\u03a9\u0393\u0397\u03a3\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/el\/anosologia-tis-anapargogis\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/el\/anosologia-tis-anapargogis\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/8.-REPRODUCTIVE-IMMUNOLOGY.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-05-11T08:31:15+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-05-11T08:31:16+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/el\/anosologia-tis-anapargogis\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"el\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/el\/anosologia-tis-anapargogis\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"el\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/el\/anosologia-tis-anapargogis\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/8.-REPRODUCTIVE-IMMUNOLOGY.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/8.-REPRODUCTIVE-IMMUNOLOGY.jpg\",\"width\":1180,\"height\":400,\"caption\":\"3D illustration Early stage embryo. Morula is an early stage embryo consisting of cells. Stem cell research and treatment.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/el\/anosologia-tis-anapargogis\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/el\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"\u0391\u039d\u039f\u03a3\u039f\u039b\u039f\u0393\u0399\u0391 \u03a4\u0397\u03a3 \u0391\u039d\u0391\u03a0\u0391\u03a1\u0393\u03a9\u0393\u0397\u03a3\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/\",\"name\":\"FertilityAdvanced\",\"description\":\"Expert fertility services\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"el\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/#organization\",\"name\":\"FERTILITY ADVANCED\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"el\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Fertilityadvanced_logo.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Fertilityadvanced_logo.png\",\"width\":1000,\"height\":244,\"caption\":\"FERTILITY ADVANCED\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"FertilityAdvanced | \u0391\u039d\u039f\u03a3\u039f\u039b\u039f\u0393\u0399\u0391 \u03a4\u0397\u03a3 \u0391\u039d\u0391\u03a0\u0391\u03a1\u0393\u03a9\u0393\u0397\u03a3","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/el\/anosologia-tis-anapargogis\/","og_locale":"el_GR","og_type":"article","og_title":"FertilityAdvanced | \u0391\u039d\u039f\u03a3\u039f\u039b\u039f\u0393\u0399\u0391 \u03a4\u0397\u03a3 \u0391\u039d\u0391\u03a0\u0391\u03a1\u0393\u03a9\u0393\u0397\u03a3","og_description":"[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] REPRODUCTIVE IMMUNOLOGY Repeated pregnancy losses\u00a0and failure of implantation after transferring\u00a0good quality embryos in IVF\u00a0constitute a particularly challenging topic\u00a0in\u00a0the area of\u00a0reproductive medicine. Dr Diamantopoulos strongly believes that\u00a0it\u202fis not\u00a0just\u00a0attributed to\u00a0bad luck. He recognizes that an unsuccessful\u00a0IVF cycle or an early miscarriage carries\u00a0a tremendous emotional\u00a0burden on the couples involved.\u00a0Without giving\u00a0his\u00a0patients\u00a0unrealistic expectations,\u00a0he has the experience\u00a0to\u00a0offer\u00a0a better chance of success\u00a0by investigating the immune system&hellip;","og_url":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/el\/anosologia-tis-anapargogis\/","og_site_name":"FertilityAdvanced","article_modified_time":"2021-05-11T08:31:16+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1180,"height":400,"url":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/8.-REPRODUCTIVE-IMMUNOLOGY.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u0395\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2":"9 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/el\/anosologia-tis-anapargogis\/","url":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/el\/anosologia-tis-anapargogis\/","name":"FertilityAdvanced | \u0391\u039d\u039f\u03a3\u039f\u039b\u039f\u0393\u0399\u0391 \u03a4\u0397\u03a3 \u0391\u039d\u0391\u03a0\u0391\u03a1\u0393\u03a9\u0393\u0397\u03a3","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/el\/anosologia-tis-anapargogis\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/el\/anosologia-tis-anapargogis\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/8.-REPRODUCTIVE-IMMUNOLOGY.jpg","datePublished":"2021-05-11T08:31:15+00:00","dateModified":"2021-05-11T08:31:16+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/el\/anosologia-tis-anapargogis\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"el","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/el\/anosologia-tis-anapargogis\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"el","@id":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/el\/anosologia-tis-anapargogis\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/8.-REPRODUCTIVE-IMMUNOLOGY.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/8.-REPRODUCTIVE-IMMUNOLOGY.jpg","width":1180,"height":400,"caption":"3D illustration Early stage embryo. Morula is an early stage embryo consisting of cells. Stem cell research and treatment."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/el\/anosologia-tis-anapargogis\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/el\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"\u0391\u039d\u039f\u03a3\u039f\u039b\u039f\u0393\u0399\u0391 \u03a4\u0397\u03a3 \u0391\u039d\u0391\u03a0\u0391\u03a1\u0393\u03a9\u0393\u0397\u03a3"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/#website","url":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/","name":"FertilityAdvanced","description":"Expert fertility services","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"el"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/#organization","name":"FERTILITY ADVANCED","url":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"el","@id":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Fertilityadvanced_logo.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Fertilityadvanced_logo.png","width":1000,"height":244,"caption":"FERTILITY ADVANCED"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2268","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2268"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2268\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2270,"href":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2268\/revisions\/2270"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1919"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fertilityadvanced.gr\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2268"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}